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1.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 34: e038, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1100932

ABSTRACT

Abstract The possible role of B-cell growth and differentiation-related cytokines on the pathogenesis of diabetes-related periodontitis has not been addressed so far. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the gene expression of proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS), two major cytokines associated to survival, differentiation and maturation of B cells in biopsies from gingival tissue with periodontitis. Gingival biopsies were obtained from subjects with periodontitis (n = 17), with periodontitis and DM (n = 19) as well as from periodontally and systemically healthy controls (n = 10). Gene expressions for APRIL, BLyS, RANKL, OPG, TRAP and DC-STAMP were evaluated using qPCR. The expressions APRIL, BLyS, RANKL, OPG, TRAP and DC-STAMP were all higher in both periodontitis groups when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the expressions of BLyS, TRAP and RANKL were significantly higher in the subjects with periodontitis and DM when compared to those with periodontitis alone (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of BLyS correlated positively with RANKL in the subjects with periodontitis and DM (p < 0.05). BLyS is overexpressed in periodontitis tissues of subjects with type 2 DM, suggesting a possible role of this cytokine on the pathogenesis DM-related periodontitis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Periodontitis/immunology , Periodontitis/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , B-Cell Activating Factor/analysis , Osteogenesis/immunology , Reference Values , Biopsy , RNA, Messenger/analysis , Biomarkers/analysis , Case-Control Studies , Gene Expression , Cytokines/analysis , Cytokines/physiology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13/analysis , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Gingiva/immunology , Gingiva/pathology , Middle Aged
2.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 67: e20190010, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002961

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this review was to evaluate the outcomes of the treatment of peri-implant defects, using Guided Bone Regeneration. Methods: A literature search was performed based on the PICO methodology in the PubMed/Medline, SciELO, Lilacs electronic databases, CAPES periodicals and the Cochrane Library. We included studies using bovine mineral matrix, associated to a collagen membrane for the treatment of peri-implantitis by Guided Bone Regeneration. Results: Of 1,163 studies, 10 were included in this review after applying the evaluation criteria. A total of 269 implants were treated in 260 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 48 months. The studies evaluated outcome in terms of reduction in probing depth, gain of clinical attachment and healing of the bony defect. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies, it was not possible to perform meta-analysis. Conclusion: Treatment of peri-implant lesions with Guided Bone Regeneration is a viable modality of treatment, providing reduction in bleeding on probing, as well as gain of clinical attachment. Complete filling of the defect is, however, an unpredictable result.


RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi avaliar os desfechos do tratamento dos defeitos peri-implantares, por meio da técnica da Regeneração Óssea Guiada. Métodos: Uma pesquisa bibliográfica, baseada na metodologia PICO, foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônica PubMed/Medline, SciELO, Lilacs periódicos Capes e Cochrane Library. Foram incluídos estudos que utilizaram matriz mineral bovina, associado a uma membrana de colágeno para o tratamento da peri-implantite por Regeneração Óssea Guiada. Resultados: De 1.163 estudos, 10 foram incluídos nesta revisão, após aplicação dos critérios de avaliação. Um total de 269 implantes foram tratados em 260 pacientes. O período de acompanhamento variou de 6 a 48 meses. Os estudos avaliados reportaram redução média da profundidade de sondagem, ganho de inserção clínica e preenchimento ósseo do defeito. Devido à heterogeneidade dos estudos não foi possível realizar metanálise. Conclusão: O tratamento das lesões peri-implantares, com a técnica da Regeneração Óssea Guiada é uma modalidade viável de tratamento, proporcionando redução do sangramento à sondagem, bem como o ganho de inserção clínica. Porém, o completo preenchimento do defeito, é um resultado imprevisível.

3.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33(supl.1): e070, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039321

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence on associations between diabetes mellitus (DM) and complications around dental implants. Electronic database searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the PROSPERO register were performed from 1990 up to and including May 2018, using MeSH terms and other keywords. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the associations of DM and implant complications (failure, survival, bone loss, peri-implant diseases, and post-surgery infection) were eligible. The quality of the included reviews was determined using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews Tool 2 (AMSTAR 2). Twelve systematic reviews were included. Implant survival rates ranged from 83.5% to 100%, while implant failure rates varied from 0% to 14.3% for subjects with DM. The three meta-analyses performed for event "implant failure" reported no statistically significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. An apparently increased risk of peri-implantitis is reported in patients with DM. According to the AMSTAR 2 classification, 50% of the reviews were classified as being of "critically low", 25% as of "low" and 25% as of "moderate" quality. Evidence indicates high levels of survival and low levels of failure of implants inserted in patients with DM. However, DM was assessed as a whole in the majority of studies and, the actual influence of hyperglycemia on implant survival/failure is still uncertain. DM/hyperglycemia seems to be associated with a high risk of peri-implantitis. However, this conclusion is based on a limited number of systematic reviews.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Complications/complications , Peri-Implantitis/etiology , Prosthesis Failure , Dental Implants/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Treatment Failure , Dental Restoration Failure
4.
ImplantNewsPerio ; 2(5): 947-955, set.-out. 2017. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-877358

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: apresentar um relato de caso cirúrgico para tratamento de uma retração unitária classe II de Miller, com um acompanhamento de seis meses. Relato de caso: retração classe II de Miller no dente 31 foi submetida a um procedimento cirúrgico com enxerto subepitelial, associado ao deslocamento coronário do retalho, em uma paciente com queixa de sensibilidade dentinária e dificuldade de higienização local. Resultados: os resultados demonstraram recobrimento radicular satisfatório, atingindo cerca de 83% da superfície radicular, e um evidente aumento da altura e espessura de tecido gengival queratinizado, bem como melhora da sensibilidade dentinária e capacidade de higienização local. Conclusão: o enxerto subepitelial associado ao deslize coronário do retalho proposto neste caso foi uma abordagem eficiente para o recobrimento radicular de uma lesão classe II de Miller, pois proporcionou alta taxa de recobrimento, ganho de tecido queratinizado e satisfez o anseio da paciente.


Objective: to present a surgical case report for treatment of Miller Class II single defect at 6 months follow-up. Case report: a Miller Class II recession at tooth 31 underwent a surgical procedure with subepithelial connective tissue associated with coronally advanced flap in a patient complaining of dentin hypersensitivity and local hygiene difficulty. Results: the results showed satisfactory root coverage reaching about 83% of the root surface and an evident increase in width and thickness of keratinized tissue, as well as improvement of dentin hypersensitivity and local hygiene ability. Conclusion: the subepithelial connective tissue associated with coronally advanced flap proposed in this case was an efficient approach to root coverage of a Miller class II lesion because it provided a high level of root coverage, keratinized tissue gain and satisfied the patient's longing.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Connective Tissue/transplantation , Free Tissue Flaps , Gingival Recession/surgery , Oral Surgical Procedures , Tissue Transplantation/methods
5.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 65(1): 37-43, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-842357

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the association of glycemic control and cytokine production in type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis Methods: Gingival biopsies were performed in 40 patients, divided into four groups: systemically healthy subjects without periodontal disease (S); systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis (P); patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with chronic periodontitis (C); poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis (D). The production of interleukin (IL) -4, -6, -10, -17 and interferon (IFN) -γ was quantified by ELISA. Results: The production of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and INF-γ was higher on group D when compared to other groups (p <0.05), which in turn were similar (p ≥0.05). In addition, there was no difference in the production of IL-6 in any of the evaluated groups (p≥0.05). Conclusion: Were observed significantly elevated levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, demonstrating that glycemic control may be associated to the immune inflammatory response of sites with chronic periodontitis.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a associação do controle glicêmico e a produção de citocinas em indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2 com doença periodontal crônica. Métodos: Foram realizadas biópsias gengivais de 40 pacientes, distribuídos nos seguintes grupos: sistemicamente saudáveis sem doença periodontal (S); pacientes sistemicamente saudáveis com periodontite crônica (P); pacientes com diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 controlado com periodontite crônica (C); pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 não controlado com periodontite crônica (D). Foram quantificadas através de ELISA, a produção das interleucinas (IL) -4, -6, -10, -17 e interferon (IFN) -γ. Resultados: A produção de IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 e INF-γ foi maior no grupo D quando comparada aos demais grupos (p<0.05), que por sua vez foram similares entre si (p≥0.05). Além disso, não houve diferença na produção de IL-6 em nenhum dos grupos avaliados (p≥0.05). Conclusão: Foram observados níveis significativamente elevados de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e anti-inflamatórias nos pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 não controlado e com periodontite crônica, demonstrando que o controle glicêmico pode estar associado com a resposta imunoinflamatória de sítios com periodontite crônica.

6.
J. appl. oral sci ; 25(1): 82-89, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-841158

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective This study evaluated the influence of glycemic control on the levels and frequency of subgingival periodontal pathogens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and generalized chronic periodontitis (ChP). Material and Methods Fifty-six patients with generalized ChP and type 2 DM were assigned according to the levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) into one of the following groups: HbA1c<8% (n=28) or HbA1c≥8% (n=28). Three subgingival biofilm samples from sites with probing depth (PD)<5 mm and three samples from sites with PD≥5 mm were analyzed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the presence and levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Eubacterium nodatum, Parvimona micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum ssp. and Prevotella intermedia. Results The mean counts of F. nucleatum ssp. were statistically significantly higher in the sites with PD≥5 mm of the HbA1c≥8% group (p<0.05). Frequencies of detection of T. forsythia, E. nodatum, P. micra and F. nucleatum ssp. were all higher in the sites with PD≥5 mm of the patients with HbA1c≥8%, compared with those of patients with HbA1c<8% (p<0.05). Frequency of detection of P. intermedia was higher in the sites with PD<5 mm of the patients with HbA1c≥8% than those of the patients with HbA1c<8% (p<0.05). Conclusions Poor glycemic control, as indicated by HbA1c≥8%, is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of subjects with type 2 DM and ChP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/microbiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Chronic Periodontitis/microbiology , Chronic Periodontitis/blood , Gingiva/microbiology , Colony Count, Microbial , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Biofilms , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Bacterial Load , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification , Hyperglycemia/prevention & control
7.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 63(4): 432-438, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-770556

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the association of glycemic control and cytokine production in type 2 diabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. Methods: Gingival biopsies were performed in 40 patients, divided into four groups: systemically healthy subjects without periodontal disease (S); systemically healthy patients with chronic periodontitis (P); patients with well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with chronic periodontitis (C); poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis (D). The production of interleukin (IL) -4, -6, -10, -17 and interferon (IFN) -g was quantified by ELISA. Results: The production of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and INF-g was higher on group D when compared to other groups (p <0.05), which in turn were similar (p ³0.05). In addition, there was no difference in the production of IL-6 in any of the evaluated groups (p³0.05). Conclusion: Were observed significantly elevated levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis, demonstrating that glycemic control may be associated to the immune inflammatory response of sites with chronic periodontitis.


Objetivo: Avaliar a associação do controle glicêmico e a produção de citocinas em indivíduos diabéticos tipo 2 com doença periodontal crônica. Métodos: Foram realizadas biópsias gengivais de 40 pacientes, distribuídos nos seguintes grupos: sistemicamente saudáveis sem doença periodontal (S); pacientes sistemicamente saudáveis com periodontite crônica (P); pacientes com diabetes mellitus (DM) tipo 2 controlado com periodontite crônica (C); pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 não controlado com periodontite crônica (D). Foram quantificadas através de ELISA, a produção das interleucinas (IL) -4, -6, -10, -17 e interferon (IFN) -g. Resultados: A produção de IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 e INF-g foi maior no grupo D quando comparada aos demais grupos (p<0.05), que por sua vez foram similares entre si (p³0.05). Além disso, não houve diferença na produção de IL-6 em nenhum dos grupos avaliados (p³0.05). Conclusão: Foram observados níveis significativamente elevados de citocinas pró-inflamatórias e anti-inflamatórias nos pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 não controlado e com periodontite crônica, demonstrando que o controle glicêmico pode estar associado com a resposta imunoinflamatória de sítios com periodontite crônica.

8.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 43(3): 931-937, July-Sept. 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656655

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of detection of Mogibacterium timidum in subgingival samples of subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and uncontrolled diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis (GChP). 48 patients with GAgP, 50 non-diabetic and 39 uncontrolled (glycated hemoglobin >7%) type 2 diabetic subjects with GChP were enrolled in this study. Subgingival biofilm were collected from deep pockets (probing depth > 7 mm). After DNA extraction, M. timidum was detected by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and chi-square test was used to data analysis (p>0.05). There were no differences in the frequency of detection of M. timidum between subjects with GAgP (35%) and non-diabetic subjects with GChP (40%) (p>0.05). The frequency of detection of M. timidum was significantly higher in deep pockets of diabetic subjects with GChP (56%) when compared to GAgP (p<0.05), but similar to non-diabetic subjects with GChP (p>0.05). The frequency of detection of M. timidum was higher in subjects GChP presenting uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, when compared to GAgP subjects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biodiversity , Dental Plaque , Diabetes Mellitus , Eubacterium/growth & development , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections , Periodontitis , Methods , Patients
9.
J. appl. oral sci ; 20(3): 295-309, May-June 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-643725

ABSTRACT

Antibiotics are important adjuncts in the treatment of infectious diseases, including periodontitis. The most severe criticisms to the indiscriminate use of these drugs are their side effects and, especially, the development of bacterial resistance. The knowledge of the biological mechanisms involved with the antibiotic usage would help the medical and dental communities to overcome these two problems. Therefore, the aim of this manuscript was to review the mechanisms of action of the antibiotics most commonly used in the periodontal treatment (i.e. penicillin, tetracycline, macrolide and metronidazole) and the main mechanisms of bacterial resistance to these drugs. Antimicrobial resistance can be classified into three groups: intrinsic, mutational and acquired. Penicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin are broad-spectrum drugs, effective against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. Bacterial resistance to penicillin may occur due to diminished permeability of the bacterial cell to the antibiotic; alteration of the penicillin-binding proteins, or production of β-lactamases. However, a very small proportion of the subgingival microbiota is resistant to penicillins. Bacteria become resistant to tetracyclines or macrolides by limiting their access to the cell, by altering the ribosome in order to prevent effective binding of the drug, or by producing tetracycline/macrolide-inactivating enzymes. Periodontal pathogens may become resistant to these drugs. Finally, metronidazole can be considered a prodrug in the sense that it requires metabolic activation by strict anaerobe microorganisms. Acquired resistance to this drug has rarely been reported. Due to these low rates of resistance and to its high activity against the gram-negative anaerobic bacterial species, metronidazole is a promising drug for treating periodontal infections.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial/physiology , Periodontal Diseases/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics , Bacteria/drug effects , Cell Membrane Permeability , Macrolides/pharmacokinetics , Macrolides/pharmacology , Metronidazole/pharmacokinetics , Metronidazole/pharmacology , Penicillin Resistance/physiology , Periodontal Diseases/metabolism , Tetracycline Resistance/physiology
10.
J. appl. oral sci ; 19(1): 68-73, Jan.-Feb. 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578751

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effects of coronally positioned flap (CPF) on the subgingival biofilm composition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-two subjects with gingival recessions were treated with CPF. Clinical parameters were assessed before and at 6 months after surgery. Subgingival biofilms were analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique for 40 bacterial species. RESULTS: Recession height, clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing improved significantly (p<0.05) at 6 months post-CPF. The proportions of 10 periodontal pathogens and the proportions of red and orange complexes decreased at 6 months. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, CPF can induce beneficial effects on the composition of the subgingival microbiota after 6 months.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Biofilms/growth & development , Gingiva/microbiology , Gingival Recession/microbiology , Surgical Flaps/microbiology , Bacterial Load , DNA Probes , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Gingiva/surgery , Gingival Recession/surgery , Metagenome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors
11.
Braz. oral res ; 24(2): 170-176, Apr.-June 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-553903

ABSTRACT

Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated some negative effect of hypertension on bone mineral density. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone healing and trabecular bone area (TBA) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a well-established model of essential hypertension, when compared to normotensive rats (NTR). A critical-size defect was surgically created in the right tibia of SHR (n = 12) and normotensive rats (NTR; n = 12), while the contralateral tibia was left intact. Eight days later, the animals were sacrificed and the specimens processed in order to obtain decalcified sections. The area of newly-formed bone (NB) within the defect of the right tibia and the TBA in the left tibia were histometrically evaluated. At 8 days post-operative, SHR presented a significantly smaller area of NB when compared to NTR (p < 0.05). In addition, SHR demonstrated a lower TBA than NTR group. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SHR rats presented a disturbed bone healing and reduced TBA.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Fracture Healing/physiology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Tibia/physiopathology , Bone Density , Disease Models, Animal , Hypertension/complications , Rats, Wistar , Rats, Inbred SHR/physiology , Tibia/surgery
12.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 64(2): 104-111, mar.-abr. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-590294

ABSTRACT

O diagnóstico multidisciplinar envolvendo procedimentos restauradores, cirúrgicos e laboratoriais são essenciais para o sucesso de uma reabilitação estética. Este caso clínico descreve um protocolo multidisciplinar utilizado para a reabilitação de dentes anteriores superiores por meio de cirurgia plástica periodontal e restaurações cerâmicas adesivas. Após adequação inicial, foram realizados gengivoplastia para remoção de excesso e melhora do contorno gengival, e a confecção de preparos conservadores para laminados e coroas totais cerâmicas. Após a finaliza- ção deste caso, pôde-se concluir que um diagnóstico bem estabelecido associado a uma abordagem multidisciplinar são procedimentos fundamentais para obtenção de resultados estéticos previsíveis em áreas comprometidas esteticamente.


The multidisciplinary diagnosis considering clinical surgical and laboratorial procedures are essential for a successful aesthetic dental treatment. This clinical report describes a protocol to obtain optimal results in the anterior maxilla by conservative preparations on anterior teeth for adhesively retained porcelain restorations with periodontal plastic surgery. After the ini- tial preparation of patient and diagnostic additive wax-up confection, a periodontal aesthetic crown-Iengthening gengivoplasty followed by osteotomy to remove the excess of gingival was performed. Conservative preparations for ceramic laminate veneers and full-coverage crowns were used for the aesthetic rehabilitation of the patient. An accurate diagnostic and interdiscipli- nary approach is necessary for obtaining improved, conservative and predictable aesthetic results in esthetically compromised areas, such as the anterior maxillary dentition.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ceramics/therapeutic use , Dental Veneers , Osteotomy/methods , Periodontics/methods , Crowns
13.
Perionews ; 3(4): 283-289, set.-out. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688122

ABSTRACT

Os implantes osseointegrados permitiram a reabilitação oral dos pacientes com vantagens significativas sobre as próteses convencionais. Entretanto, essa técnica não é totalmente livre de falhas e poderão ocorrer alterações (mucosite, peri-implantite, exposição da rosca do implante, afrouxamento do parafuso etc) que irão comprometer a estabilidade funcional e estética dos implantes. Através de um adequado controle pós-tratamento (manutenção/controle), é possível minimizar o risco de falhas ou suas consequências, quando essas ocorrem. Esse trabalho busca fazer uma breve revisão da literatura, ajudando o cirurgião-dentista a estabelecer uma rotina de acompanhamento dos pacientes reabilitados com próteses implantossuportadas.


Subject(s)
Dental Implantation , Dentistry
14.
Perionews ; 3(2): 119-123, abr.-jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688179

ABSTRACT

A pigmentação melânica gengival é um processo fisiológico da gengiva que ocorre como resultado de uma deposição excessiva de melanina, produzida pelos melanócitos presentes na lâmina basal do epitélio gengival. Esta pigmentação possui aspecto simétrico e persistente e pode comprometer a estética, especialmente em indivíduos que apresentam linha alta do sorriso (sorriso gengival). Uma vez que a coloração gengival é um dos aspectos importantes na estética de um sorriso, diversas técnicas foram descritas para a remoção das pigmentações do epitélio gengival. O objetivo do presente estudo é apresentar duas técnicas para remoção de pigmentação melânica (peeling gengival), sendo elas a técnica convencional com lâmina de bisturi e a técnica com ultrassom e pontas diamantadas, além de discutir os resultados clínicos, vantagens e desvantagens de cada uma delas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Esthetics, Dental , Gingiva , Pigmentation , Surgery, Plastic
15.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 63(2): 103-107, mar.-abr. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-534142

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar os efeitos do laser de Er: YAG, de dois sistemas ultrassônicos e da cureta manual, associados ou não à aplicação do jato de bicarbonato, na rugosidade superficial da dentina radicular. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Cinquenta corpos de prova, provenientes de raízes bovinas, obtiveram o cemento removido por meio de lixas para exposição da dentina radicular. Em seguida, foram divididos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos de tratamento: Grupo 1: cureta de Gracey; Grupo 2: ultrassom Jet Sonic®; Grupo 3: ultrassom Cavitron®; Grupo 4: laser de Er: YAG; Grupo 5: jato de bicarbonato. Subsequentemente, os Grupos 1,2,3 e 4 foram submetidos à aplicação do jato de bicarbonato. A rugosidade superficial foi analisada por meio de um rugosímetro digital antes e após os tratamentos. RESULTADOS: Todos os instrumentos produziram um aumento da rugosidade superficial (p

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of the Er: YAG laser, two ultrasonic systems and manual curette, associated or not with the application of air-powder abrasive system on the roughness of dentine root surface. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cement from fifty samples of bovine roots were removed by means of abrasive sandpaper to expose the dentine surface. Afterward, the samples were randomly assigned to one of the following treatment groups: Group 1: Gracey curette; Group 2: Jet Sonic® ultrasonic system; Group 3: Cavitron® ultrasonic system; Group 4: Er: YAG laser; Group 5: air-powder abrasive system. Subsequently, the samples from groups 1,2,3 and 4 were treated with air-powder abrasive system. The superficial roughness (Ra) was examined using a profilometer before and after treatments. RESULTS: All instruments increased the roughness of the dentine root surface after treatments (p

Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Dentin/radiation effects , Lasers/adverse effects , Periodontics , Tooth Root/ultrastructure
16.
Periodontia ; 18(4): 62-67, 2008. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-544280

ABSTRACT

Os implantes de titânio ósseointegrados têm sido amplamente utilizados para reabilitação de pacientes edêntulos. Entretanto, associado ao aumento da demanda dos implantes osseointegrados, um aumento no número de complicações periimplantares também tem sido observado. Dentre essas complicações, os processos infecciosos mucosite e periimplantite podem comprometer a longevidade da reabilitação por implantes. Ambas as doenças apresentam características clínicas e microbiológicas semelhantes às doenças periodontais, como a presença de espécies bacterianas patogênicas (Porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola e tannerella forsythia), sangramento à sondagem, formação de bolsas e supuração. Para reduzir o número de patógenos e melhorar o perfil clínico ao redor de implantes doentes, diversas terapias antiinfecciosas têm sido propostas. O debridamento em campo fechado parece não ser efetivo para tratamento da periimplantite. Porém, a associação de antibióticos sistêmicos ou locais pode melhorar o resultado desta terapia. Similarmente, a descontaminação em campo aberto produz benefícios clínicos e microbiológicos no tratamento da periimplantite. Entretanto, estudos clínicos controlados que realizem comparações diretas entre as diversas terapias ainda precisam ser conduzidos para a obtenção de um protocolo terapêutico ideal para essas infecções.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants , Infections , Microbiology
17.
Rev. Salusvita (Online) ; 27(1): 79-90, 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-562319

ABSTRACT

This case report documented a severe gingival enlargement associated with periodontitis in a patient under antiepileptic therapy and provided a rational model for its clinical management. Initially, full-mouth scaling and root planing, oral hygiene instructions and phenyto in with drawal were performed. However, clinical results demonstrated just partial resolution of upper jaw gingival hyperplasia after non-surgical therapy. Subsequently, surgical therapy was indicated for the upper jaw teeth. After the surgical therapy, complete reduction of gingival enlargement was observed. This report described the challenges faced by the oral and medical health practitioners in developing appropriate prevention and treatment for antiepileptic drug users, particularly for periodontal patients.


O presente relato documentou o aumento gengival induzido por fenitoína associado com periodontite apresentado por uma paciente sob terapia antiepiléptica, e propôs um modelo adequado para o manejamento clínico do caso. Inicialmente, realizou-se raspagem e aplainamento radicular completos, instruções de higiene bucal e substituição da fenitoína. Mas os resultados clínicos demonstraram resolução incompleta da hiperplasia do arco superior após a terapia não cirúrgica. Por isso, subseqüentemente, foi indicada para o arco superior a terapia periodontal cirúrgica, que acarretou em resolução completa do aumento gengival. Este relato de caso descreveu as dificuldades encontradas por profissionais médicos e odontológicos para o desenvolvimento de métodos preventivos e terapêuticos adequados para usuários de drogas antiepilépticas, particularmente pacientes com doença periodontal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Phenytoin/therapeutic use , Gingival Hyperplasia , Periodontitis , Brazil , Dentistry , Public Health
18.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 61(4): 325-328, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-541216

ABSTRACT

O Fibroma Ossificante Periférico (FOP) é uma hiperplasia inflamatória, causada pela proliferação de células mesenquimais do ligamento periodontal induzidas por irritantes locais. Este relato de caso documentou um FOP em uma paciente periodontal, discutindo os aspectos clínicos e histológicos no diagnóstico diferencial. Além disso, foi proposto um modelo para o manejo clínico desta patologia, enfatizando a necessidade da remoção total da lesão, curetagem dos tecidos adjacentes, eliminação dos irritantes locais e implementação de uma terapia de manutenção.


Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma (POF) is an inflammatory hyperplasia, produced by mesenchymal cells of the periodontal ligament and associated with local irritants such as calculus and plaque accumulation. This case report documented an extensive POF in a periodontal patient, discussing the clinical and histological aspects to be considered in the differential diagnosis as well a rational model for clinical management. Furthermore, this report emphasized the need of total lesion removal, curettage of the adjacent tissues and supportive periodontal therapy for prevention of its recurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Fibroma, Ossifying , Gingival Hyperplasia , Periodontal Ligament , Periodontitis
19.
Periodontia ; 16(1): 41-45, mar. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-518568

ABSTRACT

As recessões gengivais resultam em exposição da superfície radicular com freqüente aumento da sensibilidade dentinária e comprometimento estético. Em 1956, GRUPE & WARREN propuseram a técnica do retalho posicionado lateralmente para tratamento deste tipo de defeito. Embora a técnica original ou variações da mesma tenham demonstrado bons resultados no recobrimento radicular; a possibilidade de novas recessões no leito doador atua como fator limitante para sua utilização. Em vista disso, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar situações clínicas que favoreceram a utilização do deslize lateral sem prejuízos ao leito doador; discutindo ainda outras situações onde esse retalho pode ser indicado com mínimos riscos para a região doadora.


Subject(s)
Gingival Recession , Surgery, Oral , Dentin Sensitivity
20.
Periodontia ; 14(4): 15-19, dez. 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-500814

ABSTRACT

O tratamento das doenças periodontais baseia-se na remoção do fator etiológico denominado de biofilme dental. Entretanto, ainda existem controvérsias em relação ao plano melhor conduta clínica surgem freqüentemente durante a execução dos procedimentos terapêuticos periodontais. O objetivo desta revisão é estabelecer, baseado em evidências científicas, diretrizes para o tratamento periodontal que permitirão a realização de planejamento periodontal adequado e racional.


Subject(s)
Dental Scaling , Patient Care Planning
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